Origins of Coffee Beans

Originally the cherry sized red berries of the coffee tree, native to Ethopia, were used as food, the pulp crushed and mixed with fat, and fermented to make a type of wine.
The first cultivation of the coffee bean is thought to have its origins to a variety fast grown at mocha, Yemen, across the Red Sea from Ethopia, around the 13th Century.
There it aquired it's Arabic name, qahva, a poetic word for wine, which was tranfered to the drink made from roasted coffee berries. The drink gradually became popular throughout the Arab world and by the mid 19th century was intoduced into Europe. The term coffee is an attempt at pronouncing the Arabic word.
The best coffee beans come from trees of the coffee arabica species. That is the variety introduced to Kenya by Catholic missionaries in the 1890s. Coffee became a valuable crop in Kenya after world War 1.

Thursday, September 29, 2011

Does fair trade initiative appropriately address the unique needs and concerns of every growing region??

Fair Trade:
Fair trade is an organized social movement and market based approach that aims to help producers in developing countries make better trading conditions and promote sustainability within their communities. It also advocates the payment of a higher price to producers as well as higher social and environmental standards.
Fair trade certification costs as much as 5X that of organic which is burdensome to the coffee co-operatives. Cost will range from about $2000-4000.
The questions that we hear over and over is, how much of the money the West pays for a cup of coffee actually makes it's way back to the impoverished labourers who picked the beans?? Fair trade products have higher retail prices than non-fair trade, although the premium varies; for commodity goods such as coffee, the difference is often not much, actually pennies to the dollar when you factor in other costs, such as transport, processing, harvesting and labor.
How is fair trade monitored?
Fair trade foundation faces an uphill battle in trying to monitor how much of the extra money paid to the exporting co-operatives actually reaches the laborer. The wages paid to the coffee labourers by the land owners during the coffee picking seasons are never verified as part of the certification or annual inspection process.
Studies though showed membership in self-organizing groups especially those with links to FT markets (where partnerships have been formed) do increase empowerment in those communities as it becomes easier to monitor and groups are more accountable to their success.

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